{"id":1075,"date":"2016-08-15T20:33:00","date_gmt":"2016-08-15T20:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/"},"modified":"2016-10-18T20:30:55","modified_gmt":"2016-10-18T20:30:55","slug":"the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"carouselwrap\"><div id=\"menu-turkey\" class=\"carouselmenu\"><a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/the-mathematics-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Mathematics Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/teachers-teacher-education-and-professional-development\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Teachers, Teacher Education, and Professional Development<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/instruction-for-mathematics-and-science-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Instruction for Mathematics and Science in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/monitoring-student-progress-in-mathematics-and-science\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Monitoring Student Progress in Mathematics and Science<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/use-and-impact-of-timss\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>Use and Impact of TIMSS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/references\/\" class=\"menu-link main-menu-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom\"><span>References<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/div><\/div>\t<style>\n\t\t.carouselwrap{\n\t\t\tbackground: #e5eaef;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a{\n\t\t\tbackground: #ffffff;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\tcolor: #000000;\n\t\t}\t\t\n\t\t.owl-item a:hover,\n\t\t.owl-item a:focus,\n\t\t.owl-item a.current-menu-item{\n\t\t\tbackground: #00667f;\n\t\t\tborder: 4px #00b2cc solid;\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\n\t\t}\n\t<\/style>\n\t\n<h2>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades<\/h2>\n<p>In Grades 1 to 3, primary school teachers teach a course called Knowledge of Life; however, the science content of this course is limited because teaching science is not the course\u2019s primary objective. In Grades 3 to 4, another course, Sciences, is taught and is compulsory. Primary school teachers teach Sciences in Grades 3 to 4, and science specialist teachers teach the course in Grades 5 to 8.<\/p>\n<p>There are seven learning areas in the science and technology curriculum for Grades 3 to 8:<sup>15<\/sup> Physical Processes; Life and Living Beings; Matter and Change; Earth and the Universe; Science Process Skills; Science-Technology-Society-Environment; and Attitudes and Values. The first four of these learning areas represent specific science content, while the latter three areas function as themes that are interwoven with this content throughout the grades. Although the latter three areas are not included in the curriculum as separate units, they are represented in all content area units. The interwoven curriculum design clearly emphasizes the intent of engaging students in student-centered activities.<sup>16<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Each of the first four science learning areas includes several units, which are developed in a spiral fashion throughout the grades. Exhibit 4 presents a summary of the science and technology content areas and their units in Grades 4 to 8.<sup>17<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Exhibit 4: Science and Technology Content Areas and Units, Grades 4\u20138 <\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"tableEncyc\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"heading\">\n<td>Grade<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\">Content Areas and Units<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">Physical Processes<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">Matter and Change<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">Life and Living Beings<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">Earth and the Universe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">4<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Force and motion<\/li>\n<li>Light and sound<\/li>\n<li>Electricity in our lives<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Learning about matter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Solving the puzzle of the human body<\/li>\n<li>Microscopic creatures and the environment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Our planet Earth<\/li>\n<li>The motion of Earth<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">5<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Measurement of force<\/li>\n<li>Propagation of light and sound<\/li>\n<li>Electricity in our life<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Changes in matter and distinguishing change<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Solving the puzzle of the human body<\/li>\n<li>Let\u2019s walk in and explore the world of living things<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>The mystery of the composition of Earth\u2019s crust<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">6<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Force and motion<\/li>\n<li>Electricity in our lives<\/li>\n<li>Light and sound<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>The particulate structure of matter<\/li>\n<li>Matter and heat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Reproduction, growth, and development in animals and plants<\/li>\n<li>The systems in the human body<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Earth, the Sun, and the Moon<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">7<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Force and energy<\/li>\n<li>Electric power<\/li>\n<li>Reflection in mirrors and light absorption<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>The structure and features of matter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>The systems in the human body<\/li>\n<li>Humans and the environment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>The solar system and beyond<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight headingInside\" style=\"text-align: center;\" valign=\"top\">8<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Simple machines<\/li>\n<li>Sound and light<\/li>\n<li>Electricity in our lives<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>The structure and features of matter<\/li>\n<li>Phases of matter and heat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom borderRight\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Cell division and heredity of human beings<\/li>\n<li>The relationships between living things and energy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"borderBottom\" valign=\"top\">\n<ul>\n<li>Earthquakes and natural processes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades In Grades 1 to 3, primary school teachers teach a course called Knowledge of Life; however, the science content of this course is limited because teaching science is not the course\u2019s &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/countries\/turkey\/the-science-curriculum-in-primary-and-lower-secondary-grades\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":175,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1075","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1075","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1075"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6958,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1075\/revisions\/6958"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/timss2015.org\/encyclopedia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}